如何选择湿热灭菌条件

The steps involved in choosing the rightsterilisation cycle.

选择正确灭菌循环的步骤如下：

There are threebasic types of sterilisation cycles. Choose the right one according to the typeof goods to be sterilised:

有三种基本类型的灭菌周期。根据待灭菌物质的类型进行选择。

 

Hard Goods (Vacuum)

坚硬装载（真空）

 

Suitable for items that are easy to sterilise,because air removal and steam penetration are highly effective on these items.e.g., openglassware and large diameter piping

适用于那些易于灭菌的物质，因为空气清除和蒸汽穿透对这些物质是高度有效的。例如：敞开的玻璃器皿和大口径的管道

 

A typical hardgoods cycle may draw one vacuum prior to introducing steam to reach the desiredsterilisation temperature.

典型的坚硬物品灭菌循环在通入蒸汽达到设定灭菌温度前需要达到一个真空度。

 

Wrapped Goods (Vacuum)

包裹物品（真空）

 

Utilized foritems that are difficult to sterilise, because air removal and steampenetration are harder to achieve on these items than on hard goods.

用于灭菌困难的物品，因为和坚硬品比起来空气清除和蒸汽穿透更难实现。

 

e.g., emptybottles (glass or plastic) with lids, gowns, long hoses/tubes, vent filters,portable vessels with small inlet/outlet ports

例如，有盖子的空瓶（玻璃或塑料），洁净服，长软管/管子，抽气过滤器，进/出口小的便携式容器。

 

A typical wrapped goods cycle may draw three ormore vacuums prior to reaching sterilisation. A post-sterilisation vacuum draws the steam fromthe load items.

一个典型的包裹品灭菌循环在灭菌前至少进行 3 次抽真空。灭菌后通过真空将负载中的蒸汽抽走。

 

Liquids (Non-vacuum)

液体（非真空）

 

Items that contain liquids generally cannot havea deep vacuum pulled or the liquid will be drawn out of them. Autoclave cyclesfor liquids generally heat up and cool down without a vacuum. Steam, introducedinto the top of the chamber, displaces the air. The air is pushed to the bottomof the chamber and is removed.

一般含有液体的物品不能有大的真空度，否则液体会溢出。针对液体来说高压灭菌锅循环是在没有真空度的情况下加热和冷却。蒸汽进入腔室顶部置换空气，空气推入腔室的底部并排出。

       文章来源： GMP办公室

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